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Profiles in NursingCol. Julia Stimson (1881–1948), Army Nurse Corps SuperintendentA decorated officer, she led 20,000 nurses during WWIOnce the highest-ranking woman in the U.S. Armed Forces, Julia Catherine Stimson, RN, served her country as a nurse, a social worker and a leader — including an 18-year tenure as superintendent of the Army Nurse Corps, the longest term in the Corps'...
Profiles in NursingMartha Ballard (1735-1812), Colonial Midwife and DiaristHer diary reveals a legacy of nursing in 18th century AmericaShe lived and died before Florence Nightingale was even born, but Martha Ballard’s diary still survives, providing us with a remarkable record of the lives of pioneer women and the practice of midwifery during the earliest years of the United States....
Profiles in NursingAgnes Von Kurowsky (1892–1984), Literary MuseThe nurse who inspired Ernest HemingwayNurses sometimes leave a lasting impression on their patients, but seldom one as literary as Agnes Von Kurowsky, the Red Cross nurse who inspired a central character in Ernest Hemingway’s acclaimed novel A Farewell to Arms. Wartime Duty Born in...

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Profiles in NursingClara Maass (1876–1901), Nurse Martyr in the Battle Against Yellow FeverShe gave her life in pursuit of a cureMore than a century ago, Clara Maass, the first nurse to have an American medical center named after her, gave her life in the battle against a terrifying infectious disease: yellow fever. Before there were research ethics, human subject policies or...
Profiles in NursingKate Marsden (1859-1931), and a Quest to Cure LeprosyAn English nurse, an 11,000-mile trek across Siberia and a persistent scandalIn 1891, English nurse Kate Marsden made a grueling 11,000-mile trek across Siberia in search of a rare herb purported to cure leprosy. She survived this perilous adventure only to find herself in a different sort of predicament when she returned home....
Profiles in NursingMary Eliza Mahoney (1845-1926), America’s First Professionally Trained Black NurseThe daughter of enslaved people, Mahoney distinguished herself as a nurseThis Boston-born nurse was a true pioneer: The first Black woman in the U.S. ever to earn a professional nursing degree. A Country Torn by Slavery When Mary Eliza Mahoney was born in 1845, slavery was still legally practiced in half the U.S. In states...

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Profiles in NursingSister Elizabeth Kenny (1880-1952), Controversial Australian Polio Treatment ReformerWas this controversial Australian nurse a hero or a hoax?To her admirers, “Sister Kenny” was a crusader, challenging a reactionary medical establishment’s preconceptions about one of her era’s most feared diseases. To many physicians, she was a dangerous, ignorant quack. The real story of Sister...
Profiles in NursingEvelyn Lundeen (1900-1963), Neonatal Nurse Who Redefined Premature Infant CareSetting the standards for neonatology careWhen Evelyn Lundeen began the job that would become her life’s work, neonatology as we know it was barely practiced in the U.S. When Evelyn Lundeen began the job that would become her life’s work, neonatology as we know it was barely practiced in the...
Profiles in NursingEdith Patton Lewis (1914-2005), Investigative Reporter and EditorA nurse of strong opinions who never shied away from an argumentWriting is a fact of life for nurses, whether it’s charting, scientific papers or our endless daily stream of texts and emails. Writing is a fact of life for nurses, whether it’s charting, scientific papers or our endless daily stream of texts and...